Supplier & Exporter of Ferrous & Non-Ferrous Metals

Weld Neck · Slip On · Blind

Flanges

Forged flanges in stainless steel, duplex, carbon steel, alloy steel and nickel alloys — with the pressure ratings, dimensions, facings, grades and bolting you need to specify them.

Product Overview

The Joint That Holds the Line Together

We supply weld neck, slip on, socket weld, threaded, lap joint and blind flanges, with long weld neck, reducing and orifice flanges and spectacle blinds, in stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, carbon steel and alloy steel — and in nickel alloys and titanium for the lines that need them.

Flanges are supplied in the pressure class, facing and bore that match your pipe, with bolting and gaskets to complete each joint. Every flange is stamped with its grade, size, class and heat number and supplied with a mill test certificate to EN 10204 Type 3.1 or 3.2. When your project needs independent verification, inspection by your nominated agency is carried out before dispatch.

Forged stainless steel flanges
Flange Types

Ten Flanges, Each With a Job

How the flange joins the pipe decides its strength, its cost and how easily the joint is made up. Each drawing shows the flange from the side, with the pipe it takes.

Weld Neck

WN · B16.5 · B16.47

Tapered hub butt welded to the pipe. The strongest flange, for high pressure and temperature.

Slip On

SO · B16.5

Slides over the pipe and is fillet welded inside and out. Economical and easy to align.

Socket Weld

SW · B16.5 · NPS 1/2 – 3

The pipe sits in a socket and is fillet welded outside. For small-bore, high-pressure lines.

Threaded

THD · B16.5 · NPT

Screwed onto the pipe with no welding — for areas where welding is not allowed.

Lap Joint

LJ · B16.5 · with stub end

A loose flange behind a stub end. Turns to line up bolt holes, and can be carbon steel on an alloy line.

Blind

BL · B16.5 · B16.47

A solid disc that closes the end of a line, a nozzle or a test point.

Long Weld Neck

LWN · heavy barrel

A weld neck with a long straight barrel, used as a nozzle on vessels and columns.

Reducing

Weld neck or slip on

A large flange bored for a smaller pipe, to change size at the joint.

Orifice

B16.36

A pair of weld neck flanges with pressure taps, holding an orifice plate for flow measurement.

Spectacle Blind

B16.48 · spacer & paddle

A blind and a spacer joined by a web. Swung round to isolate a line, or to open it.

Facings

The Face Seals the Joint

The gasket seals on the face of the flange, so the facing and its finish must suit the gasket. Both flanges of a joint must have the same facing.

Raised face (RF)

The gasket area stands proud of the bolting circle: 1.6 mm high for Class 150 and 300, 6.4 mm for Class 400 and above. The most common facing.

Flat face (FF)

The whole face is flat, with a full-face gasket. Used when mating cast iron, bronze or plastic flanges that could crack under a raised face.

Ring type joint (RTJ)

A machined groove holds a solid metal ring gasket. For high pressure and temperature, typically Class 600 and above.

Tongue & groove (T&G)

A narrow tongue on one flange fits a groove in the other, holding the gasket captive. Used on pump covers and valve bonnets.

Male & female (M&F)

A wide raised face on one flange fits a matching recess in the other, locating the gasket.

Face finish

Raised faces are machined with a spiral or concentric serration of 3.2 to 6.3 µm Ra, so the gasket grips. Smooth finishes are made to order.

Pressure Ratings

What Each Class Can Carry

A flange's class is a designation, not a pressure. The working pressure it allows depends on the material and falls as the temperature rises. These are the ASME B16.5 ratings for carbon steel A105, Material Group 1.1.

Rating by class, at 38 °C

bar · maximum working pressure, Group 1.1

  • Class 2500425.5
  • Class 1500255.3
  • Class 900153.2
  • Class 600102.1
  • Class 30051.1
  • Class 15019.6

Each step up in class raises the allowed pressure; a Class 2500 flange carries more than twenty times the pressure of a Class 150 flange.

Class 300, rating by temperature

bar · maximum working pressure, Group 1.1

  • −29 to 38 °C51.1
  • 100 °C46.6
  • 200 °C43.8
  • 300 °C39.8
  • 350 °C37.6
  • 400 °C34.7
  • 425 °C28.8
  • 450 °C23.0

Above about 400 °C the rating of carbon steel drops quickly. For hotter service, alloy steel flanges keep their rating to higher temperatures.

Pressure–temperature ratings · Material Group 1.1 (A105, A350 LF2)

Temperature, °CClass 150Class 300Class 600Class 900Class 1500Class 2500
−29 to 3819.651.1102.1153.2255.3425.5
5019.250.1100.2150.4250.6417.7
10017.746.693.2139.8233.0388.3
15015.845.190.2135.2225.4375.6
20013.843.887.6131.4219.0365.0
25012.141.983.9125.8209.7349.5
30010.239.879.6119.5199.1331.8
3259.338.777.4116.1193.6322.6
3508.437.675.1112.7187.8313.0
3757.436.472.7109.1181.8303.1
4006.534.769.4104.2173.6289.3
4255.528.857.586.3143.8239.7
4504.623.046.069.0115.0191.7

Swipe the table sideways to see every class

Pressures in bar gauge. Other materials have their own tables in ASME B16.5; the group for each common forging grade is listed below.

Material groups of common flange grades

GroupFlange grades
1.1A105 · A350 LF2
1.9A182 F11 Cl. 2
1.10A182 F22 Cl. 3
1.15A182 F91
2.1A182 F304 · F304H
2.2A182 F316 · F316H
2.3A182 F304L · F316L
2.4A182 F321
2.5A182 F347
2.8A182 F51 · F53 · F55

How to choose the class

  1. Find the material groupFrom the flange grade, using the table on the left.
  2. Find the design temperatureThe highest temperature the joint will see in service.
  3. Read across the classesIn the rating table for that group, at that temperature.
  4. Choose the lowest class that is enoughIts rating must be at least the design pressure of the line.
Materials & Grades

Forging Grades, Matched to the Pipe

Flanges are forged, so each material has a forging specification. Choose a family to see the flange grades, and the pipe grade each one is welded to.

Stainless Steel Flanges

Stainless flanges are forged to ASTM A182, where each grade carries an F prefix. The grade matches the A312 pipe it is welded to.

Forged flanges
ASTM A182 · ASME SA182
Plate flanges
ASTM A240
Matching pipe
ASTM A312 · A358
GradeUNSPipeWhere it is used
F304 / F304LS30400 / S30403TP304 / TP304LGeneral process, water and food lines.
F304HS30409TP304HHigh-temperature service above 525 °C.
F316 / F316LS31600 / S31603TP316 / TP316LChemical, pharmaceutical and coastal plants.
F317LS31703TP317LPulp, paper and flue-gas service.
F321 / F321HS32100 / S32109TP321 / TP321HStabilised for 400–800 °C service.
F347S34700TP347Refinery and high-temperature steam lines.
F310S31000TP310SFurnace and heat-treatment piping.
F904LN08904N08904Sulphuric and phosphoric acid lines.

Duplex & Super Duplex Flanges

Duplex and super duplex flanges for seawater, offshore and chemical lines, forged to ASTM A182.

Forged flanges
ASTM A182 · ASME SA182
Corrosion tests
ASTM A923 · ASTM G48
Matching pipe
ASTM A790 · A928
GradeUNSPipeWhere it is used
F51 (2205)S31803A790 S31803Chemical, offshore and desalination piping.
F60 (2205)S32205A790 S32205As F51, with tighter chemistry.
F53 (2507)S32750A790 S32750Seawater and high-chloride lines.
F55S32760A790 S32760Seawater, firewater and sour service.
F44 (6Mo)S31254A312 S31254Super-austenitic, for seawater and bleach plants.

Carbon Steel Flanges

A105 is the standard carbon steel flange. A350 grades are impact tested for low temperature, and A694 matches high-yield line pipe.

General & high temperature
ASTM A105 · ASME SA105
Low temperature
ASTM A350
High yield
ASTM A694 · MSS SP-44
GradeServicePipeWhere it is used
A105General & high temperatureA106 Gr. B · A53 Gr. BThe standard carbon steel flange for process and utility lines.
A350 LF2 Cl. 1Impact tested to −46 °CA333 Gr. 6Low-temperature and cold-climate lines.
A350 LF3Impact tested to −101 °CA333 Gr. 33½ % nickel steel for colder service.
A694 F42 – F70High yieldAPI 5L X42 – X70Oil and gas transmission pipelines.
A516 Gr. 70Plate flanges–Large, low-pressure flanges and ring flanges cut from plate.

Alloy Steel Flanges

Chromium-molybdenum flanges for steam and refinery lines. The F grade matches the P grade of the pipe.

Forged flanges
ASTM A182 · ASME SA182
Heat treatment
Normalised & tempered
Matching pipe
ASTM A335
GradeCompositionPipeWhere it is used
F55Cr – ½MoA335 P5Refinery lines with hot sulphur-bearing streams.
F99Cr – 1MoA335 P9Higher-temperature refinery and heater piping.
F11 Cl. 21¼Cr – ½MoA335 P11Steam lines and headers.
F121Cr – ½MoA335 P12Boiler and steam piping.
F22 Cl. 32¼Cr – 1MoA335 P22High-pressure steam and hydrogen service.
F919Cr – 1Mo – VA335 P91Main steam and hot reheat lines.

High Nickel Alloy Flanges

Nickel-alloy flanges are forged to ASTM B564, which identifies each alloy by its UNS number; Alloy 20 flanges are made to B462.

Forged flanges
ASTM B564 · B462
ASME
SB564 · SB462
Matching pipe
B165 · B167 · B444 · B407 · B423 · B622
AlloyFlangePipeWhere it is used
Monel 400B564 N04400B165Seawater and hydrofluoric acid lines.
Inconel 600B564 N06600B167High-temperature and caustic service.
Inconel 625B564 N06625B444Seawater, flue-gas and chemical lines.
Incoloy 800 / 800HB564 N08800 / N08810B407Furnace and petrochemical piping.
Incoloy 825B564 N08825B423Sulphuric and phosphoric acid lines.
Hastelloy C276B564 N10276B622Wet chlorine and mixed-acid service.
Alloy 20B462 N08020B729Sulphuric acid handling.

Titanium Flanges

Titanium flanges for seawater, chlor-alkali and chemical plant. Lap joint flanges in carbon steel over titanium stub ends are a common way to save cost.

Forged flanges
ASTM B381
Plate flanges
ASTM B265
Matching pipe
ASTM B861 · B862
GradeFlangePipeWhere it is used
Grade 2B381 F2B861 / B862 Gr. 2General corrosion service and seawater lines.
Grade 7B381 F7B861 / B862 Gr. 7Reducing acids.
Grade 12B381 F12B861 / B862 Gr. 12Crevice-corrosion resistance at higher temperature.

Copper-Nickel Flanges

Copper-nickel flanges for seawater cooling and firewater systems on ships and offshore platforms.

Dimensions
EEMUA 145 · ASME B16.5
Material
ASTM B151 · B171
Matching pipe
EEMUA 144 · ASTM B466
AlloyUNSPipeWhere it is used
Copper-Nickel 90/10C70600EEMUA 144 · B466Seawater cooling and firewater lines.
Copper-Nickel 70/30C71500B466Higher-velocity seawater service.

Aluminium Flanges

Forged aluminium flanges for cryogenic, chemical and lightweight piping.

Forged flanges
ASTM B247
Dimensions
ASME B16.5
Matching pipe
ASTM B241
AlloyTemperPipeWhere it is used
6061T6B241 6061General structural and process piping.
5083O / H112B241 5083Marine and cryogenic service.

Swipe the table sideways to see every column

These are the grades asked for most, not the limit of what we supply. For other families and product forms, see Materials & Grades.

Chemical Composition

What Is in the Forging

Composition limits for the most common flange grades, in percent by weight. A single figure is a maximum; a range shows minimum and maximum.

GradeCMnPSSiCrNiMoOthers
Carbon steel
A1050.350.60 – 1.050.0350.0400.10 – 0.350.300.400.12Cu 0.40 · V 0.08
A350 LF20.300.60 – 1.350.0350.0400.15 – 0.300.300.400.12Cu 0.40 · V 0.08 · Nb 0.02
Alloy steel · ASTM A182
F11 Cl. 20.10 – 0.200.30 – 0.800.0400.0400.50 – 1.001.00 – 1.50–0.44 – 0.65–
F22 Cl. 30.05 – 0.150.30 – 0.600.0400.0400.502.00 – 2.50–0.87 – 1.13–
F910.08 – 0.120.30 – 0.600.0200.0100.20 – 0.508.00 – 9.500.400.85 – 1.05V 0.18 – 0.25 · Nb 0.06 – 0.10 · N 0.030 – 0.070
Stainless steel · ASTM A182
F3040.082.000.0450.0301.0018.0 – 20.08.0 – 11.0–N 0.10
F304L0.0302.000.0450.0301.0018.0 – 20.08.0 – 12.0–N 0.10
F3160.082.000.0450.0301.0016.0 – 18.010.0 – 14.02.00 – 3.00N 0.10
F316L0.0302.000.0450.0301.0016.0 – 18.010.0 – 14.02.00 – 3.00N 0.10
F3210.082.000.0450.0301.0017.0 – 19.09.0 – 12.0–Ti 5×(C+N) – 0.70 · N 0.10
Duplex & super duplex · ASTM A182
F510.0302.000.0300.0201.0021.0 – 23.04.5 – 6.52.5 – 3.5N 0.08 – 0.20
F530.0301.200.0350.0200.8024.0 – 26.06.0 – 8.03.0 – 5.0N 0.24 – 0.32 · Cu 0.50
F550.0301.000.0300.0101.0024.0 – 26.06.0 – 8.03.0 – 4.0N 0.20 – 0.30 · Cu 0.50 – 1.00 · W 0.50 – 1.00

Swipe the table sideways to see every element

Values are shown for reference and follow the specifications named in the table. Limits are revised from time to time, so the edition of the specification on your order, and the mill test certificate supplied with the material, always govern.

Mechanical Properties

Strength & Hardness of Flange Grades

Minimum tensile and yield strength and the hardness limits of the common forging grades. Hardness limits matter for sour service, where hard material can crack.

GradeTensile strength
MPa
Yield strength, min
MPa
Elongation, min
%
Hardness
HBW
Carbon steel
A105485 min25022137 – 187
A350 LF2 Cl. 1485 – 65525022197 max
Alloy steel
A182 F11 Cl. 2485 min27520143 – 207
A182 F22 Cl. 3515 min31020156 – 207
A182 F91585 min41520248 max
Stainless steel
F304 · F316 · F321 · F347515 min20530–
F304L · F316L485 min17030–
Duplex & super duplex
F51620 min45025290 max
F53800 min55015310 max
F55750 min55025310 max

Swipe the table sideways to see every column

Actual test results are reported on the mill test certificate. For sour service to NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156, state it on the order so hardness is controlled and reported.

Dimensions

Flange Dimension Chart, ASME B16.5

Outside diameter, thickness, bolting and hub length for weld neck flanges, in mm. The outside diameter, bolt circle and bolting are the same for every flange type of the same size and class.

OD Bolt circle Raised face tf Y
Front view (left) and side view of a weld neck flange (right). The orange ring is the raised face and the dashed circle is the bolt circle; tf is the flange thickness and Y the length through the hub.
OD · outside diameter
The overall diameter of the flange.
Bolt circle & holes
The circle through the bolt-hole centres, with the number and size of bolts. These must match on both flanges of a joint.
Raised face
The diameter of the gasket seating face.
tf · thickness & Y · hub length
Measured without the raised face, which adds 1.6 mm for Class 150 and 300.

Showing Class 150 · dimensions in mm, bolt sizes in inches

NPSinch ODmm Thicknesstf, min Raised facediameter Bolt circlediameter Boltsnumber Bolt sizeinch Bolt holediameter Weld neckY, hub length
Class 150
1/2909.634.960.341/215.946
3/410011.242.969.941/215.951
111012.750.879.441/215.954
1 1/411514.363.588.941/215.956
1 1/212515.973.098.441/215.960
215017.592.1120.745/819.162
2 1/218020.7104.8139.745/819.168
319022.3127.0152.445/819.168
3 1/221522.3139.7177.885/819.170
423022.3157.2190.585/819.175
525522.3185.7215.983/422.287
628023.9215.9241.383/422.287
834527.0269.9298.583/422.2100
1040528.6323.8362.0127/825.4100
1248530.2381.0431.8127/825.4113
1453533.4412.8476.312128.6125
1659535.0469.9539.816128.6125
1863538.1533.4577.9161 1/831.8138
2070041.3584.2635.0201 1/831.8143
2481546.1692.2749.3201 1/434.9151
Class 300
1/29512.734.966.741/215.951
3/411514.342.982.645/819.156
112515.950.888.945/819.160
1 1/413517.563.598.445/819.164
1 1/215519.173.0114.343/422.267
216520.792.1127.085/819.168
2 1/219023.9104.8149.283/422.275
321027.0127.0168.383/422.278
3 1/223028.6139.7184.283/422.279
425530.2157.2200.083/422.284
528033.4185.7235.083/422.297
632035.0215.9269.9123/422.297
838039.7269.9330.2127/825.4110
1044546.1323.8387.416128.6116
1252049.3381.0450.8161 1/831.8129
1458552.4412.8514.4201 1/831.8141
1665055.6469.9571.5201 1/434.9144
1871058.8533.4628.6241 1/434.9157
2077562.0584.2685.8241 1/434.9160
2491568.3692.2812.8241 1/241.3167

Swipe the chart sideways to see every dimension

Class 600 to 2500, sizes above NPS 24 to ASME B16.47 Series A and B, and EN 1092-1 PN flanges are supplied to their own dimension tables; send the size and rating and we will confirm.

Bolts & Gaskets

Complete the Joint With the Right Bolting

A flanged joint is the flanges, the gasket, the stud bolts and the nuts. We supply the whole set, matched to the service. The number and size of bolts for each flange are in the dimension chart above.

ServiceStud bolts · nutsTypical gasket
Carbon steel, general serviceA193 B7 · A194 2HSpiral wound, stainless steel with graphite filler, inner and outer rings.
Low temperature, to −101 °CA320 L7 · A194 Gr. 7Spiral wound or ring joint, matched to the flange material.
Stainless steel linesA193 B8 / B8M · A194 8 / 8MSpiral wound, 316L with graphite or PTFE filler.
High temperatureA193 B16 · A194 Gr. 4 or 7Spiral wound with graphite, or ring joint.
Sour service, NACE MR0175A193 B7M · A194 2HMSpiral wound or ring joint in a corrosion-resistant alloy.
High pressure, RTJ flangesA193 B7 · A194 2HRing joint, soft iron or stainless: R, RX or BX type.

Swipe the table sideways to see every column

Spiral wound gaskets
Metal winding with a soft filler, to ASME B16.20. The standard gasket for raised face flanges in process piping.
Ring joint gaskets
Solid metal rings, oval or octagonal (R), and pressure-energised RX and BX types, to ASME B16.20.
Sheet gaskets
Compressed fibre, graphite or PTFE, cut to ASME B16.21. For flat face and low-pressure joints.
Selection

Which Flange for Which Joint?

A starting point for choosing the flange type and facing. The material follows the pipe; the class follows the pressure and temperature.

SituationTypical choiceWhy
High pressure, high temperature or cyclic serviceWeld neckThe tapered hub spreads stress, and the butt weld can be radiographed.
Low-pressure utility and water linesSlip onCheaper and easier to align; lower strength and fatigue life than weld neck.
Small-bore, high-pressure linesSocket weldSmooth bore and a strong joint without a butt weld.
No welding allowed on siteThreadedScrewed on; for small bore and non-cyclic service.
Frequent dismantling or costly alloy linesLap joint + stub endBolt holes line up easily; the loose flange can be carbon steel.
Closing a line or a nozzleBlindA solid, bolted closure that can be removed.
Positive isolation of equipmentSpectacle blindTurned to show which way the line is set: open or closed.
Flow measurementOrifice flangesPressure taps drilled on each side of the orifice plate.
Vessel and column nozzlesLong weld neckThe long barrel forms the nozzle neck.
Most process pipingRaised face, serratedWorks with spiral wound and sheet gaskets.
Class 600 and above, oil & gasRing type jointMetal ring gasket seals reliably at high pressure.
Mating cast iron or plastic flangesFlat faceFull-face contact avoids cracking the brittle flange.

Swipe the table sideways to see every column

This guide is for orientation only. The choice of flange, class and material depends on the full service conditions and the governing piping code, and remains the responsibility of the design engineer.

Testing & Documents

Tested, Traceable & Documented

Every flange is traceable to its heat number and leaves with its mill test certificate. These tests are arranged when your order calls for them.

  • MTC EN 10204Type 3.1 & 3.2 certificates
  • PMI TestingConfirms the alloy grade
  • Ultrasonic TestSoundness of the forging
  • Hardness TestBrinell, incl. NACE sour service
  • IGC TestIntergranular corrosion, ASTM A262
  • Dimensional CheckOD, bolt circle, bore and face finish
Questions Buyers Ask

Flanges, Explained

What does a flange pressure class such as Class 150 or Class 300 mean?

The class is a pressure rating designation under ASME B16.5, not a pressure in psi. The pressure a flange may carry depends on its class, its material group and the temperature. For example, an A105 carbon steel Class 150 flange is rated 19.6 bar at 38 °C, falling to 10.2 bar at 300 °C. See the pressure ratings.

What is the difference between a weld neck and a slip on flange?

A weld neck flange has a long tapered hub that is butt welded to the pipe, which spreads stress smoothly and allows the weld to be radiographed. It is preferred for high pressure, high temperature and cyclic service. A slip on flange slides over the pipe and is fillet welded inside and out. It is cheaper and easier to align, but has lower strength and fatigue life.

When should I use a raised face or a ring type joint flange?

Raised face (RF) is the most common facing and is used with spiral wound and sheet gaskets in most process piping. Ring type joint (RTJ) flanges have a groove that holds a solid metal ring gasket; they are used at high pressure and temperature, typically Class 600 and above, and in oil and gas service. See the facings.

Can ASME flanges be bolted to EN or DIN flanges?

Generally not. ASME B16.5 flanges are made in pressure classes with inch-based bolt circles, while EN 1092-1 flanges are made in PN ratings with metric bolt circles. Bolt circles, bolt sizes and hole counts usually differ, so the two should not be mixed unless the dimensions are checked for the specific size.

Which bolts and gaskets go with a flange?

For carbon steel flanges in general service, ASTM A193 B7 stud bolts with A194 2H nuts and a spiral wound gasket are the usual choice. Stainless steel lines use A193 B8 or B8M studs with A194 8 or 8M nuts. Low temperature service uses A320 L7 studs, and sour service B7M studs with 2HM nuts. See bolts & gaskets.

What documents are supplied with flanges?

Every lot is supplied with a mill test certificate to EN 10204 Type 3.1 or 3.2, traceable to the heat number stamped on each flange, along with any additional test reports ordered, such as ultrasonic testing, PMI or hardness. When third-party inspection is called for, the agency's inspection release note is included. More on our quality & inspection page.

Complete the Line

Everything That Goes With the Flange

Pipe, fittings, valves and fasteners in matching grades, so every joint comes from one supplier with one set of documents.

Have a Flange Requirement?

Send the type, size, class, facing and grade. We will confirm availability and quote, with bolting and gaskets if you need them, and the mill test certificate and inspection you require.