Stainless steel, duplex, carbon steel and alloy steel sheets and plates, with nickel alloys,
titanium, copper, brass and aluminium — and the grades, chemistry, finishes, weight chart and
tolerances you need to specify them.
Product Overview
Flat Products, in Every Material We Supply
We supply hot rolled plates, cold rolled sheets, chequered plates, perforated sheets and
clad plates in stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, carbon steel and alloy steel — and in
high nickel alloys, titanium, copper, brass and aluminium when the service calls for them.
Material is supplied in standard sizes or cut to the dimensions you need. Every plate and every
bundle of sheets is identified by its heat number and supplied with a mill test certificate to
EN 10204 Type 3.1 or 3.2. When your project needs independent verification, inspection by your
nominated agency is carried out before dispatch.
The three names describe the same flat-rolled metal in different dimensions. These are the definitions ASTM A480 uses for stainless steel, and the trade follows them for most other metals.
Sheet
Under 5 mm (3/16") thick, and 600 mm or wider. Usually cold rolled, with a smooth surface and close thickness tolerance. Ordered by thickness in mm or by gauge.
Example: 2 mm × 1250 × 2500 mm, 304, 2B finish
Plate
5 mm (3/16") and thicker, and over 250 mm wide. Usually hot rolled. Used for pressure vessels, tanks, structures and machined parts. Ordered by thickness in mm.
Example: 12 mm × 1500 × 6000 mm, A516 Gr. 70, normalised
Strip
Under 5 mm thick, and under 600 mm wide. Cold rolled and slit to width, supplied in coil or in cut lengths. See Coils & Strips.
Example: 0.8 mm × 300 mm wide, 316L, in coil
Types
Rolled, Patterned and Perforated
How the material is rolled and finished decides its thickness range, its surface and what it is used for. Clad plates are covered further down the page.
Hot Rolled Plates
Rolled from slab at high temperature. The heavier thicknesses, for load-bearing and pressure-containing fabrication.
Best for
Pressure vessels, tanks, structures and machined parts
Typical specifications
A240 · A516 · A387 · A36 · IS 2062
Cold Rolled Sheets
Hot rolled material rolled again at room temperature, for thin gauges, a smooth surface and close tolerance.
Best for
Process equipment, kitchens, panels and formed parts
Typical specifications
A240 · A480 · EN 10088-2 · IS 513
Chequered Plates
Plate rolled with a raised pattern on one face, which gives grip underfoot and stiffens the plate.
Best for
Flooring, stair treads, walkways and truck beds
Typical specifications
IS 3502 · A786 · A240 · B209
Perforated Sheets
Sheet punched with round, square or slotted holes to the pattern, hole size and pitch you specify.
Best for
Screens, filters, strainers, guards and cladding
Tell us
Hole shape and size, pitch, margins and open area
Materials & Grades
Every Grade, in Sheet and Plate Form
Choose a material family to see the grades we supply, their international designations, and the specifications that cover plate, sheet and strip.
Stainless Steel Sheets & Plates
One specification, ASTM A240, covers stainless plate, sheet and strip. The austenitic 300 series makes up most of the demand; heat-resisting, ferritic and martensitic grades complete the range.
Plate, sheet & strip
ASTM A240 · ASME SA240
General requirements
ASTM A480
European & Japanese
EN 10088-2 · EN 10028-7 · JIS G4304 · G4305
Grade
UNS
EN / W.Nr.
Where it is used
304 / 304L
S30400 / S30403
1.4301 / 1.4307
Tanks, food and dairy equipment, kitchens and architectural panels. 304L for welded fabrication.
304H
S30409
1.4948
Higher carbon for strength above 525 °C.
316 / 316L
S31600 / S31603
1.4401 / 1.4404
Chemical and pharmaceutical vessels, coastal and marine fabrication.
316Ti
S31635
1.4571
Titanium-stabilised 316 for welded equipment at elevated temperature.
317L
S31703
1.4438
More molybdenum than 316L — pulp, paper and flue-gas scrubbers.
321 / 321H
S32100 / S32109
1.4541 / 1.4878
Stabilised against weld decay — exhaust systems and expansion bellows.
347 / 347H
S34700 / S34709
1.4550 / 1.4961
Niobium-stabilised — refinery and high-temperature equipment.
309S / 310S
S30908 / S31008
1.4833 / 1.4845
Heat-resisting grades — furnace linings, burners and heat-treatment trays.
904L
N08904
1.4539
Super-austenitic — sulphuric and phosphoric acid equipment.
409 / 430
S40900 / S43000
1.4512 / 1.4016
Ferritic and magnetic — exhausts, appliances and interior trim at lower cost.
410 / 420
S41000 / S42000
1.4006 / 1.4021
Martensitic and hardenable — wear parts, blades and cutlery.
Duplex & Super Duplex Sheets & Plates
A two-phase structure gives roughly twice the yield strength of 316L, so vessels and tanks can be built from thinner plate. Resistance to chloride pitting and stress-corrosion cracking rises with each step up the family.
Plate, sheet & strip
ASTM A240 · ASME SA240
European
EN 10088-2 · EN 10028-7
Corrosion tests
ASTM A923 · ASTM G48
Grade
UNS
EN / W.Nr.
Where it is used
Lean Duplex 2101
S32101
1.4162
Storage tanks and structures, in place of 304 where higher strength helps.
Lean Duplex 2304
S32304
1.4362
Molybdenum-free duplex with corrosion resistance close to 316L.
Duplex 2205
S31803 / S32205
1.4462
The standard duplex — pressure vessels, chemical tankers and desalination.
Super Duplex 2507
S32750
1.4410
Seawater systems, offshore topsides and high-chloride process plant.
Super Duplex S32760
S32760
1.4501
With tungsten and copper — seawater and sour oil-and-gas service.
Carbon Steel Plates
Carbon steel plate is specified by standard and grade together. Structural grades are chosen for strength; pressure vessel and boiler grades also control toughness and behaviour at temperature.
Structural
ASTM A36 · A572 · IS 2062 · EN 10025
Pressure vessel & boiler
ASTM A516 · A515 · A537 · IS 2002 · EN 10028-2
General requirements
ASTM A6 · ASTM A20
Specification & grade
Type
Where it is used
ASTM A36
Structural
General fabrication — base plates, frames, supports and brackets.
ASTM A572 Gr. 50
High-strength structural
Bridges, cranes and structures where weight must be saved.
IS 2062 E250 / E350
Structural, Indian standard
The general-purpose structural plate of the Indian market.
EN 10025 S235JR / S275JR / S355J2
Structural, European standard
Structural fabrication to European project specifications.
ASTM A283 Gr. C / A285 Gr. C
Low and intermediate strength
Storage tanks and low-pressure vessels.
ASTM A516 Gr. 60 / 65 / 70
Pressure vessel
The most-specified vessel plate, for moderate and lower temperature service.
ASTM A515 Gr. 60 / 70
Pressure vessel
Boilers and vessels for intermediate and higher temperature service.
ASTM A537 Cl. 1 / Cl. 2
Pressure vessel, heat-treated
Higher strength with good low-temperature toughness.
IS 2002 Gr. 1 / 2 / 3
Boiler quality, Indian standard
Boilers and pressure vessels built to Indian codes.
EN 10028-2 P265GH / P355GH
Pressure vessel, European standard
Boilers and vessels for elevated-temperature service.
Alloy Steel Plates
Chromium-molybdenum plate keeps its strength at temperatures where carbon steel creeps, and resists attack by hot hydrogen. Most grades are made in two strength classes.
Cr-Mo vessel plate
ASTM A387 · ASME SA387
C-Mo vessel plate
ASTM A204
European
EN 10028-2
Specification & grade
Nominal composition
Classes
Where it is used
A387 Gr. 5
5Cr – ½Mo
Cl. 1 · Cl. 2
Refinery equipment handling hot sulphur-bearing streams.
A387 Gr. 9
9Cr – 1Mo
Cl. 1 · Cl. 2
Higher-temperature refinery and heater service.
A387 Gr. 11
1¼Cr – ½Mo – Si
Cl. 1 · Cl. 2
Reactors, heat-exchanger shells and steam drums.
A387 Gr. 12
1Cr – ½Mo
Cl. 1 · Cl. 2
Boilers and pressure vessels at elevated temperature.
A387 Gr. 22
2¼Cr – 1Mo
Cl. 1 · Cl. 2
Hydroprocessing reactors and high-pressure hydrogen service.
A387 Gr. 91
9Cr – 1Mo – V
Cl. 2
Headers and vessels in modern power plants.
A204 Gr. B
C – ½Mo
–
Boilers and vessels at moderately elevated temperature.
EN 10028-2 16Mo3
0.3Mo
–
The European elevated-temperature boiler plate.
High Nickel Alloy Sheets & Plates
Inconel, Incoloy, Monel and Hastelloy are specified where stainless steel reaches its limit. Each alloy has its own ASTM specification for plate, sheet and strip.
Alloy
UNS
W.Nr.
Plate & sheet
Where it is used
Nickel 200 / 201
N02200 / N02201
2.4066 / 2.4068
B162
Caustic soda and alkali equipment.
Monel 400
N04400
2.4360
B127
Seawater and hydrofluoric acid service.
Inconel 600
N06600
2.4816
B168
Furnace and heat-treatment components.
Inconel 601
N06601
2.4851
B168
Oxidation resistance at very high temperature.
Inconel 625
N06625
2.4856
B443
Seawater, flue-gas and chemical process equipment.
Incoloy 800 / 800H / 800HT
N08800 / N08810 / N08811
1.4876 / 1.4958 / 1.4959
B409
Petrochemical furnaces and reformers.
Incoloy 825
N08825
2.4858
B424
Sulphuric and phosphoric acid plant.
Hastelloy C276
N10276
2.4819
B575
Wet chlorine, mixed acids and flue-gas scrubbers.
Hastelloy C22
N06022
2.4602
B575
Oxidising and mixed-acid environments.
Alloy 20
N08020
2.4660
B463
Sulphuric acid handling.
Titanium Sheets & Plates
About half the weight of steel, and effectively immune to seawater. Commercially pure grades are used for process equipment; Grade 5 is the high-strength alloy.
Plate, sheet & strip
ASTM B265 · ASME SB265
Titanium-clad plate
ASTM B898
Density
4.51 g/cm³
Grade
UNS
Type
Where it is used
Grade 1
R50250
Commercially pure
The softest grade — deep drawing and cladding.
Grade 2
R50400
Commercially pure
The workhorse — vessels, tube sheets and chlor-alkali plant.
Grade 5
R56400
Ti – 6Al – 4V
High-strength alloy for aerospace and engineered parts.
Grade 7
R52400
Ti – 0.15Pd
Palladium-bearing, for reducing acids.
Grade 12
R53400
Ti – 0.3Mo – 0.8Ni
Better crevice-corrosion resistance at higher temperature.
Copper & Brass Sheets & Plates
Copper for electrical and thermal conductivity; brass and copper-nickel for tube sheets, marine hardware and general engineering.
Copper
ASTM B152
Brass
ASTM B36
Tube-sheet & condenser plate
ASTM B171
Alloy
UNS
Specification
Where it is used
ETP Copper
C11000
B152
Busbars, earthing and electrical components.
Oxygen-Free Copper
C10200
B152
Electrical and vacuum service.
DHP Copper
C12200
B152
Welded and brazed fabrication, heat-transfer equipment.
Cartridge Brass 70/30
C26000
B36
Deep-drawn and formed components.
Muntz Metal 60/40
C28000
B36
Architectural panels and condenser plates.
Naval Brass
C46400
B171
Heat-exchanger tube sheets and marine hardware.
Copper-Nickel 90/10 · 70/30
C70600 / C71500
B171 · B122
Seawater systems, condensers and tube sheets.
Aluminium Sheets & Plates
A third the weight of steel, with natural corrosion resistance. The 5000 series is chosen for marine work; 6061 and 7075 for structural and machined parts.
Sheet & plate
ASTM B209 · ASME SB209
European
EN 485 · EN 573
Chequered plate
ASTM B632
Alloy
UNS
Common temper
Where it is used
1100
A91100
O / H14
Commercially pure — ducting, insulation cladding and chemical trays.
3003
A93003
H14
General sheet-metal work, tanks and panels.
5052
A95052
H32
Marine and transport panels, fuel tanks.
5083
A95083
O / H111 / H116
Shipbuilding, cryogenic tanks and pressure vessels.
6061
A96061
T6 / T651
Structural and machined components.
7075
A97075
T6 / T651
High-strength aerospace and tooling plate.
Swipe the table sideways to see every column
These are the grades asked for most, not the limit of what we supply. For designations of every family in other product forms, see Materials & Grades.
Chemical Composition
What Is in the Plate
Composition limits from the plate specifications, in percent by weight. A single figure is a maximum; a range shows minimum and maximum.
Stainless steel, duplex & super duplex · ASTM A240
Grade
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Ni
Mo
N
Others
Austenitic
304
0.07
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
17.5 – 19.5
8.0 – 10.5
–
0.10
–
304L
0.030
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
17.5 – 19.5
8.0 – 12.0
–
0.10
–
304H
0.04 – 0.10
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
18.0 – 20.0
8.0 – 10.5
–
–
–
316
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
16.0 – 18.0
10.0 – 14.0
2.00 – 3.00
0.10
–
316L
0.030
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
16.0 – 18.0
10.0 – 14.0
2.00 – 3.00
0.10
–
316Ti
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
16.0 – 18.0
10.0 – 14.0
2.00 – 3.00
0.10
Ti 5×(C+N) – 0.70
317L
0.030
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
18.0 – 20.0
11.0 – 15.0
3.0 – 4.0
0.10
–
321
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
17.0 – 19.0
9.0 – 12.0
–
0.10
Ti 5×(C+N) – 0.70
347
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
0.75
17.0 – 19.0
9.0 – 13.0
–
–
Nb 10×C – 1.00
310S
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.50
24.0 – 26.0
19.0 – 22.0
–
–
–
904L
0.020
2.00
0.045
0.035
1.00
19.0 – 23.0
23.0 – 28.0
4.0 – 5.0
0.10
Cu 1.0 – 2.0
Ferritic & martensitic
430
0.12
1.00
0.040
0.030
1.00
16.0 – 18.0
0.75
–
–
–
410
0.08 – 0.15
1.00
0.040
0.030
1.00
11.5 – 13.5
0.75
–
–
–
Duplex & super duplex
S31803 (2205)
0.030
2.00
0.030
0.020
1.00
21.0 – 23.0
4.5 – 6.5
2.5 – 3.5
0.08 – 0.20
–
S32205 (2205)
0.030
2.00
0.030
0.020
1.00
22.0 – 23.0
4.5 – 6.5
3.0 – 3.5
0.14 – 0.20
–
S32750 (2507)
0.030
1.20
0.035
0.020
0.80
24.0 – 26.0
6.0 – 8.0
3.0 – 5.0
0.24 – 0.32
Cu 0.50
S32760
0.030
1.00
0.030
0.010
1.00
24.0 – 26.0
6.0 – 8.0
3.0 – 4.0
0.20 – 0.30
Cu 0.50 – 1.00 · W 0.50 – 1.00
Carbon steel & alloy steel
Grade
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Mo
Others
Carbon steel
A36 *
0.25
–
0.030
0.030
0.40
–
–
–
IS 2062 E250 A
0.23
1.50
0.045
0.045
0.40
–
–
–
A285 Gr. C
0.28
0.90
0.025
0.025
–
–
–
–
A516 Gr. 60 *
0.21
0.60 – 0.90
0.025
0.025
0.15 – 0.40
–
–
–
A516 Gr. 70 *
0.27
0.85 – 1.20
0.025
0.025
0.15 – 0.40
–
–
–
A537 Cl. 1
0.24
0.70 – 1.35
0.025
0.025
0.15 – 0.50
0.25
0.08
Cu 0.35 · Ni 0.25
Alloy steel · ASTM A387
Gr. 11
0.05 – 0.17
0.40 – 0.65
0.025
0.025
0.50 – 0.80
1.00 – 1.50
0.45 – 0.65
–
Gr. 12
0.05 – 0.17
0.40 – 0.65
0.025
0.025
0.15 – 0.40
0.80 – 1.15
0.45 – 0.60
–
Gr. 22
0.05 – 0.15
0.30 – 0.60
0.025
0.025
0.50
2.00 – 2.50
0.90 – 1.10
–
Gr. 91
0.08 – 0.12
0.30 – 0.60
0.020
0.010
0.20 – 0.50
8.00 – 9.50
0.85 – 1.05
V 0.18 – 0.25 · Nb 0.06 – 0.10 · N 0.030 – 0.070
Swipe the tables sideways to see every element
* Carbon and manganese limits of A36 and A516 change with plate thickness. The figures shown are for the thinnest range: up to 20 mm for A36 and up to 12.5 mm for A516.
Values are shown for reference and follow the specifications named in each table. Limits are revised from time to time, so the edition of the specification on your order, and the mill test certificate supplied with the material, always govern.
Mechanical Properties
Strength and Heat Resistance, Compared
Yield strength sets how thick a plate must be to carry its load. For furnace and high-temperature work, resistance to scaling matters as much. The full minimum values are in the table below.
Minimum yield strength
MPa · minimum required by the plate specification
Super Duplex 2507550
Duplex 2205450
A387 Gr. 91 Cl. 2415
IS 2062 E350350
A537 Cl. 1345
A387 Gr. 11 / 22 Cl. 2310
A516 Gr. 70260
A36 · IS 2062 E250250
SS 304 / 316 / 321205
SS 304L / 316L170
A duplex plate carries more than twice the load of a 316L plate of the same thickness, so the vessel wall can be thinner and lighter.
Scaling resistance in air
°C · maximum temperature in continuous service, typical
SS 310S1150
SS 309S1095
SS 304 / 316 / 321 / 347925
SS 430815
SS 410705
These figures describe resistance to oxidation only. Strength falls well before these temperatures are reached, so the design code sets the allowable stress.
Grade
Specification
Tensile strength MPa
Yield strength, min MPa
Elongation, min % in 50 mm
Hardness, max HBW
Stainless steel
304 · 304H
ASTM A240
515 min
205
40
201
304L
ASTM A240
485 min
170
40
201
316 · 316Ti · 317L · 321 · 310S
ASTM A240
515 min
205
40
217
316L
ASTM A240
485 min
170
40
217
347
ASTM A240
515 min
205
40
201
904L
ASTM A240
490 min
220
35
–
430
ASTM A240
450 min
205
22
183
410
ASTM A240
450 min
205
20
217
Duplex & super duplex
S31803 (2205)
ASTM A240
620 min
450
25
293
S32205 (2205)
ASTM A240
655 min
450
25
293
S32750 (2507)
ASTM A240
795 min
550
15
310
S32760
ASTM A240
750 min
550
25
270
Carbon steel
A36
ASTM A36
400 – 550
250
23
–
IS 2062 E250
IS 2062
410 min
250
23
–
IS 2062 E350
IS 2062
490 min
350
22
–
A285 Gr. C
ASTM A285
380 – 515
205
27
–
A516 Gr. 60
ASTM A516
415 – 550
220
25
–
A516 Gr. 70
ASTM A516
485 – 620
260
21
–
A537 Cl. 1
ASTM A537
485 – 620
345
22
–
Alloy steel
Gr. 11 Cl. 1
ASTM A387
415 – 585
240
22
–
Gr. 11 Cl. 2 · Gr. 22 Cl. 2
ASTM A387
515 – 690
310
22 · 18
–
Gr. 12 Cl. 2
ASTM A387
450 – 585
275
22
–
Gr. 22 Cl. 1
ASTM A387
415 – 585
205
18
–
Gr. 91 Cl. 2
ASTM A387
585 – 760
415
18
–
Swipe the table sideways to see every column
Yield strength of carbon steel plate is for the thinnest range and falls as thickness increases: for IS 2062, under 20 mm; for A537 Class 1, up to 65 mm. Actual test results are reported on the mill test certificate.
Surface Finishes
Stainless Steel Finishes, From Mill to Mirror
The finish affects appearance, cleanability and cost. Mill finishes come from rolling and annealing; polished finishes are applied afterwards. Designations follow ASTM A480.
No. 1
Hot rolled, annealed & pickled
A dull, slightly rough surface. The standard finish of hot rolled plate.
Used forVessels, tanks and industrial fabrication where appearance is secondary
2D
Cold rolled, dull
Cold rolled, annealed and pickled. Smooth and matt, and it holds lubricant well.
Used forDeep-drawn parts, industrial and chemical equipment
2B
Cold rolled, bright
As 2D, with a light final pass on polished rolls. The most widely used sheet finish.
Used forTanks, process and pharmaceutical equipment; the base for polishing
BA
Bright annealed
Annealed in a protective atmosphere, so the surface stays bright and reflective without polishing.
Used forAppliances, reflectors, trim and kitchenware
No. 3
Intermediate polish
A coarse, one-directional polish with a visible grain, made with 100 to 120 grit abrasive.
Used forBrewery and food equipment, or as a step before finer polishing
No. 4
Brushed
The familiar satin finish with a fine, short grain, made with 150 to 180 grit abrasive.
Used forKitchens, lifts, dairy and food-processing equipment
HL
Hairline
Long, continuous polishing lines that run the full length of the sheet.
Used forLift panels, architectural cladding and interiors
No. 8
Mirror
Polished with successively finer abrasives and then buffed until the grain lines disappear.
Used forDecorative panels, signage and reflectors
The swatches are drawings that suggest each finish. Polished sheets are supplied with a protective film on the finished face when you ask for it. Carbon and alloy steel plate is supplied as rolled, normalised, or quenched and tempered, as the specification requires.
Thickness & Weight Chart
Weight per Sheet, by Thickness and Size
Theoretical weight in kilograms for the standard sizes. Choose the material, and click any value to load that thickness and size into the weight calculator.
Weight in kg · stainless steel 304 / 304L (7.93 g/cm³)
Thicknessmm
Thicknessinch
Per m²kg
1000 × 2000mm
1219 × 24384 × 8 ft
1250 × 2500mm
1500 × 3000mm
1500 × 6000mm
2000 × 6000mm
0.5
0.020
3.97
7.93
11.78
12.39
17.84
35.69
47.58
0.6
0.024
4.76
9.52
14.14
14.87
21.41
42.82
57.10
0.8
0.031
6.34
12.69
18.85
19.83
28.55
57.10
76.13
1.0
0.039
7.93
15.86
23.57
24.78
35.69
71.37
95.16
1.2
0.047
9.52
19.03
28.28
29.74
42.82
85.64
114.2
1.5
0.059
11.90
23.79
35.35
37.17
53.53
107.1
142.7
2.0
0.079
15.86
31.72
47.13
49.56
71.37
142.7
190.3
2.5
0.098
19.83
39.65
58.92
61.95
89.21
178.4
237.9
3.0
0.118
23.79
47.58
70.70
74.34
107.1
214.1
285.5
4.0
0.157
31.72
63.44
94.27
99.13
142.7
285.5
380.6
5.0
0.197
39.65
79.30
117.8
123.9
178.4
356.9
475.8
6.0
0.236
47.58
95.16
141.4
148.7
214.1
428.2
571.0
8.0
0.315
63.44
126.9
188.5
198.3
285.5
571.0
761.3
10
0.394
79.30
158.6
235.7
247.8
356.9
713.7
951.6
12
0.472
95.16
190.3
282.8
297.4
428.2
856.4
1,142
16
0.630
126.9
253.8
377.1
396.5
571.0
1,142
1,523
20
0.787
158.6
317.2
471.3
495.6
713.7
1,427
1,903
25
0.984
198.3
396.5
589.2
619.5
892.1
1,784
2,379
32
1.260
253.8
507.5
754.2
793.0
1,142
2,284
3,045
40
1.575
317.2
634.4
942.7
991.3
1,427
2,855
3,806
50
1.969
396.5
793.0
1,178
1,239
1,784
3,569
4,758
Swipe the chart sideways to see every size
Reading the chart: the chart is a weight reference, so it shows every combination of thickness and size. Not every thickness is rolled in every size; tell us what you need and we will confirm what is available. For other materials, use the calculator below.
Sheet & plate weight calculator
Enter any thickness and size, or click a value in the chart above.
Theoretical weight
Per square metre
15.86 kg/m²
Per piece
49.56 kg
Total
49.56 kg
kg = thickness × width × length × density ÷ 1,000,000
Weights are theoretical, based on nominal dimensions. Actual weight varies within the tolerances of the specification.
Sizes & Gauges
Standard Sizes and Gauge Chart
Sheets and plates are rolled in a small number of standard formats. Thin sheet is still often ordered by gauge number, so check which gauge system your drawing uses.
Standard formats, drawn to scale
Sizes in mm. The imperial formats 1219 × 2438 mm (4 × 8 ft) and 1524 × 3048 mm (5 × 10 ft) are also common.
Cold rolled sheet
0.3 mm to 6 mm thick, in widths of 1000, 1219, 1250 and 1500 mm.
Hot rolled plate
3 mm to 100 mm thick, thicker on request, in widths of 1250, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mm.
Lengths
2000, 2438, 2500, 3000 and 6000 mm. Plate lengths up to 12 m on request.
Sheet gauge to millimetres
Gauge
SWG mm
US steel mm
US stainless mm
8
4.064
4.176
4.366
10
3.251
3.416
3.571
11
2.946
3.038
3.175
12
2.642
2.657
2.779
14
2.032
1.897
1.984
16
1.626
1.519
1.588
18
1.219
1.214
1.270
20
0.914
0.912
0.953
22
0.711
0.759
0.794
24
0.559
0.607
0.635
26
0.457
0.455
0.478
28
0.376
0.378
0.397
30
0.315
0.305
0.318
SWG is the British Standard Wire Gauge used in India. "US steel" is the Manufacturers' Standard Gauge for carbon steel sheet; "US stainless" is the US Standard Gauge used for stainless steel. The same gauge number means a different thickness in each system.
To avoid a mistake, state the thickness in millimetres on your enquiry, with the gauge number only as a reference.
Specialist Cladding Process Products
Clad Plates: Alloy Where It Is Needed
A clad plate bonds a thin layer of corrosion-resistant alloy onto a carbon or alloy steel backing
plate. The process side gets the chemistry of the alloy; the steel carries the load. For thick
vessel walls, this costs far less than solid alloy plate.
Cladding
Stainless steel, duplex, nickel alloys, titanium and copper alloys
Backing plate
Carbon steel such as A516, or Cr-Mo alloy steel such as A387
Bonding
Roll bonding, explosion bonding or weld overlay
Specifications
ASTM A263, A264, A265 and B898
Used for
Pressure vessels, reactors, columns, heat-exchanger tube sheets and tanks
A263 and A264: chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel cladding.
A265: nickel and nickel-base alloy cladding.
B898: titanium and other reactive-metal cladding.
Bond integrity: proved by a shear test and by ultrasonic examination of the bond.
Tolerances & Supply
Thickness Tolerances & Supply Formats
Standard thickness tolerances from the general-requirement specifications. Tighter tolerances can be agreed when you order.
Cold rolled stainless sheet · ASTM A480
Specified thickness
Tolerance, over and under
Sheet width up to 1000 mm
0.30 mm
±0.03 mm
0.40 mm
±0.04 mm
0.50 mm
±0.045 mm
0.80 mm
±0.05 mm
1.00 mm
±0.055 mm
1.50 mm
±0.08 mm
2.00 mm
±0.10 mm
3.00 mm
±0.13 mm
4.00 mm
±0.17 mm
5.00 mm
±0.17 mm
Hot rolled plate · EN 10029, Class A
Nominal thickness
Tolerance
Under and over the nominal thickness
3 to under 5 mm
−0.3 / +0.7 mm
5 to under 8 mm
−0.4 / +0.8 mm
8 to under 15 mm
−0.5 / +0.9 mm
15 to under 25 mm
−0.6 / +1.0 mm
25 to under 40 mm
−0.7 / +1.3 mm
40 to under 80 mm
−0.9 / +1.7 mm
80 to under 150 mm
−1.1 / +2.1 mm
ASTM plate · A480, A6 and A20
Under the ordered thickness
0.25 mm, max
Over the ordered thickness
By thickness and width
Supply formats
Standard sheets & plates
Full sheets and plates in the standard widths and lengths, with mill or trimmed edges.
Cut-to-size blanks
Rectangular pieces cut to the width and length on your cutting list, ready for fabrication.
Circles, rings & profiles
Circles for dished ends and tube sheets, rings for flanges, and profiles cut to your drawing.
Edges
Mill edge as rolled, or trimmed edge by slitting or shearing. Cut edges can be left as cut or dressed for welding.
Condition
Stainless steel and nickel alloys: solution annealed. Carbon and alloy steel: as rolled, normalised, or quenched and tempered.
Marking & packing
Each plate marked with grade, size, specification and heat number. Sheets interleaved and packed on pallets or in crates for export.
Grade Selection
Which Grade for Which Job?
A starting point for matching the material to the application. Tell us what the plate will be made into, and we will quote the grades that fit.
Application
Typical choice
Why
Storage tanks, food & dairy equipment
SS 304 / 304L
Good all-round corrosion resistance at the lowest stainless cost.
Chemical & pharmaceutical vessels
SS 316 / 316L
Molybdenum resists chlorides and pitting where 304 would fail.
Pressure vessels & boilers
A516 Gr. 60 / 70 · IS 2002
Notch-tough vessel plate with controlled chemistry.
Reactors & vessels at high temperature
A387 Gr. 11 · Gr. 22 · Gr. 91
Chromium-molybdenum keeps strength and resists hot hydrogen.
Structures & general fabrication
A36 · IS 2062 E250 / E350
Weldable structural plate, economical and widely available.
Furnace parts & heat treatment
SS 310S · 321 · Inconel 600 · 800H
High chromium and nickel resist scaling at temperature.
Seawater, desalination & offshore
Duplex 2205 · 2507 · Cu-Ni 90/10
High strength with resistance to chloride attack.
Sulphuric & phosphoric acid
904L · Alloy 20 · Incoloy 825
High nickel, molybdenum and copper for reducing acids.
Wet chlorine, mixed acids, flue gas
Hastelloy C276 · C22
The broadest chemical resistance of any wrought alloy.
Heat-exchanger tube sheets
Naval brass · Cu-Ni · Titanium Gr. 2
Chosen to match the tubes and the cooling water.
Thick-walled vessels in corrosive service
Clad plate
Alloy on the process side, steel for strength, at lower cost.
Marine, transport & lightweight structures
Aluminium 5083 · 5052 · 6061
A third the weight of steel, with good corrosion resistance.
Swipe the table sideways to see every column
This guide is for orientation only. Final material selection depends on the full service conditions and the governing design code, and remains the responsibility of the design engineer.
Testing & Documents
Tested, Traceable & Documented
Every lot is traceable to its heat number and leaves with its mill test certificate. These tests are arranged when your order calls for them.
What is the difference between a sheet and a plate?
Thickness. ASTM A480 calls flat stainless steel under 5 mm (3/16 inch) thick a sheet when it is 600 mm or wider, and a strip when it is narrower. Material 5 mm and thicker, and over 250 mm wide, is a plate. Sheets are usually cold rolled; plates are usually hot rolled.
What is the difference between hot rolled and cold rolled?
Hot rolled material is rolled above its recrystallisation temperature. It is made in heavier thicknesses, with a dull scaled or pickled surface and wider tolerances. Cold rolled material is rolled further at room temperature, which gives thinner gauges, a smooth surface and closer thickness tolerances.
Which stainless steel finish should I choose: 2B, BA, No. 4 or No. 8?
2B is the standard mill finish for tanks and process equipment, and the usual starting point for polishing. BA is bright and reflective without polishing. No. 4 is the brushed finish used for kitchens, lifts and food equipment. No. 8 is a mirror polish for decorative work. See the surface finishes.
How do I calculate the weight of a sheet or plate?
Multiply the thickness in millimetres by the width in metres, the length in metres and the density in grams per cubic centimetre. The answer is in kilograms. A 2 mm sheet of stainless steel 304 measuring 1.25 m by 2.5 m weighs 2 × 1.25 × 2.5 × 7.93 = 49.56 kg. The weight calculator does this for you.
Can sheets and plates be cut to size?
Yes. Besides standard sizes, sheets and plates are supplied cut to the dimensions or drawing you send: rectangular blanks, circles, rings and profiles. The cutting method is chosen to suit the material and thickness.
What documents are supplied with sheets and plates?
Every lot is supplied with a mill test certificate to EN 10204 Type 3.1 or 3.2, traceable to the heat number marked on the material, along with any additional test reports ordered. When third-party inspection is called for, the agency's inspection release note is included. More on our quality & inspection page.
Complete the Order
Everything Else for the Fabrication
Pipes, fittings, flanges, bars and structurals in matching grades, so the vessel and the piping around it come from one supplier with one set of documents.
