Stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, carbon steel and alloy steel pipes and tubes — with the
grades, chemistry, mechanical properties, schedule chart and tolerances you need to specify
them, all on one page.
Product Overview
The Core of What We Supply
Pipes and tubes are where Ashok Metal & Tube started, and they remain the heart of our business.
We supply welded and seamless pipes, tubes and U bend tubes in stainless steel, duplex,
super duplex, carbon steel and alloy steel — and in high nickel alloys, titanium, copper, brass and
aluminium when the service calls for them.
Every length is identified by its heat number and supplied with a mill test certificate to
EN 10204 Type 3.1 or 3.2. When your project needs independent verification, inspection by your
nominated agency is carried out at our stock point before dispatch.
The words are often used loosely, but a pipe and a tube are sized, toleranced and specified in different ways. Getting this right avoids the most common ordering mistake.
Pipe
Ordered by nominal size (NPS / NB) and schedule. The outside diameter is fixed for each size; the schedule sets the wall thickness, so a heavier schedule means a smaller bore.
Example: 2" NB Sch 40 = 60.3 mm OD × 3.91 mm wall
Tube
Ordered by its exact outside diameter and wall thickness, in mm, inches or gauge (BWG / SWG). Tolerances are tighter, because tubes must fit tube sheets and transfer heat predictably.
Example: 25.4 mm OD × 1.65 mm (16 BWG) wall
Types
Four Product Types, One Supplier
How a pipe or tube is made decides where it can be used. These are the four types we supply, and what each is best at.
Seamless Pipes & Tubes
Pierced from a solid billet, then hot-finished or cold-drawn. There is no weld seam anywhere in the wall.
Best for
High pressure, high temperature and critical service
Typical specifications
A312 · A106 · A335 · A790 · A213
Welded Pipes & Tubes
Formed from strip or plate and welded along the length, by electric resistance (ERW) or electric fusion (EFW) welding.
Best for
Larger diameters, thinner walls and economy at moderate pressure
Typical specifications
A312 · A358 · A53 · A249 · A928 · IS 1239
Heat-Exchanger & Boiler Tubes
Precision tubes ordered by exact OD and wall thickness, with tight tolerances and a clean bore for heat transfer.
Best for
Heat exchangers, condensers, boilers and superheaters
Typical specifications
A213 · A249 · A179 · A192 · A210 · B163
U Bend Tubes
Straight heat-exchanger tubes cold-bent into a hairpin "U" to your drawing, for U-tube bundle exchangers.
Choose a material family to see the grades we supply, their international designations, and the ASTM specifications that cover seamless pipe, welded pipe and tubes.
Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes
The austenitic 300 series covers most process piping. Stabilised and high-temperature grades, the super-austenitic 904L and the ferritic and martensitic 400 series complete the range.
Seamless pipe
ASTM A312 · A376
Welded pipe
ASTM A312 · A358 · A778
Tubes
ASTM A213 · A249 · A269 · A268 · A554
Grade
UNS
EN / W.Nr.
Where it is used
TP 304 / 304L
S30400 / S30403
1.4301 / 1.4307
General process, water and food lines. 304L for welded construction.
TP 304H
S30409
1.4948
Higher carbon for strength above 525 °C — superheaters and refinery heaters.
TP 316 / 316L
S31600 / S31603
1.4401 / 1.4404
Chloride-bearing and chemical service; the usual choice for pharma and coastal plants.
TP 316Ti
S31635
1.4571
Titanium-stabilised 316 for welded service at elevated temperature.
TP 317L
S31703
1.4438
More molybdenum than 316L — pulp, paper and flue-gas service.
TP 321 / 321H
S32100 / S32109
1.4541 / 1.4878
Stabilised against weld decay in the 400–800 °C range — exhausts and expansion joints.
TP 347 / 347H
S34700 / S34709
1.4550 / 1.4961
Niobium-stabilised — refinery and high-temperature steam piping.
TP 310S
S31008
1.4845
Oxidation resistance to about 1100 °C — furnace and heat-treatment equipment.
904L
N08904
1.4539
Super-austenitic — sulphuric and phosphoric acid service.
TP 410 / TP 430
S41000 / S43000
1.4006 / 1.4016
Martensitic and ferritic tubes (ASTM A268) — heat resistance at lower cost.
Duplex & Super Duplex Pipes & Tubes
A two-phase structure gives roughly twice the yield strength of 316L and strong resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking. PREN, the pitting resistance number, rises with each step up the family.
Seamless & welded pipe
ASTM A790
Fusion-welded pipe
ASTM A928
Tubes
ASTM A789
Grade
UNS
EN / W.Nr.
PREN
Where it is used
Lean Duplex 2304
S32304
1.4362
≈ 26
A stronger replacement for 304 / 316 in tanks and structures.
Duplex 2205
S31803 / S32205
1.4462
≈ 35
Heat exchangers, pressure piping, chemical tankers.
Super Duplex 2507
S32750
1.4410
≥ 40
Seawater systems, desalination, oil & gas flowlines.
Super Duplex S32760
S32760
1.4501
≥ 40
Copper and tungsten additions — pumps, valves, subsea hardware.
Carbon Steel Pipes & Tubes
Carbon steel is specified by standard and grade together. These are the pipe and tube specifications asked for most, from general service to boilers and low temperature.
Process & line pipe
ASTM A106 · A53 · A333 · API 5L
Boiler & exchanger tubes
ASTM A179 · A192 · A210 · A214
Indian standards
IS 1239 · IS 3589 · IS 1161 · IS 4923
Specification & grade
Product
Where it is used
ASTM A106 Gr. B / Gr. C
Seamless pipe
High-temperature service — steam, boiler feed and refinery lines.
ASTM A53 Gr. B
Seamless & ERW pipe
General service — air, water, gas and structural use.
API 5L Gr. B, X42 – X70
Seamless & welded line pipe
Oil and gas transmission; PSL1 or PSL2.
ASTM A333 Gr. 3 / Gr. 6
Seamless & welded pipe
Low-temperature service, impact tested — Gr. 6 to −45 °C, Gr. 3 to −100 °C.
ASTM A179
Seamless cold-drawn tube
Heat-exchanger and condenser tubes.
ASTM A192
Seamless tube
High-pressure boiler tubes.
ASTM A210 Gr. A1 / Gr. C
Seamless tube
Medium-carbon boiler and superheater tubes.
ASTM A214
ERW tube
Heat-exchanger and condenser tubes.
IS 1239 / IS 3589
ERW pipe
Water, gas, air and steam lines; black or galvanised.
IS 1161 / IS 4923
Structural tube & hollow section
Round, square and rectangular sections for fabrication.
Alloy Steel Pipes & Tubes
Chromium-molybdenum steels keep their strength at temperatures where carbon steel creeps. The pipe grade (P) and tube grade (T) share the same chemistry.
Seamless pipe
ASTM A335
Fusion-welded pipe
ASTM A691
Tubes
ASTM A213 · A519
Pipe grade
Tube grade
Nominal composition
Where it is used
A335 P5
A213 T5
5Cr – ½Mo
Refinery service with hot sulphur-bearing streams.
A335 P9
A213 T9
9Cr – 1Mo
Higher-temperature refinery and heater tubing.
A335 P11
A213 T11
1¼Cr – ½Mo – Si
Steam lines and headers.
A335 P12
A213 T12
1Cr – ½Mo
Boiler and superheater tubes.
A335 P22
A213 T22
2¼Cr – 1Mo
High-pressure steam and boiler headers.
A335 P91
A213 T91
9Cr – 1Mo – V
Main steam and hot reheat lines in modern power plants.
AISI 4130 / 4140
A519
Cr – Mo
Seamless mechanical tubing for machined and hydraulic parts.
High Nickel Alloy Pipes & Tubes
Inconel, Incoloy, Monel and Hastelloy are specified where stainless steel reaches its limit. Each alloy has its own ASTM specification for seamless and welded product.
Alloy
UNS
W.Nr.
Seamless pipe & tube
Welded pipe & tube
Nickel 200 / 201
N02200 / N02201
2.4066 / 2.4068
B161 · B163
B725 · B730
Monel 400
N04400
2.4360
B165 · B163
B725 · B730
Inconel 600
N06600
2.4816
B167 · B163
B517 · B516
Inconel 601
N06601
2.4851
B167 · B163
–
Inconel 625
N06625
2.4856
B444
B705 · B704
Incoloy 800 / 800H / 800HT
N08800 / N08810 / N08811
1.4876 / 1.4958 / 1.4959
B407 · B163
B514 · B515
Incoloy 825
N08825
2.4858
B423 · B163
B705 · B704
Hastelloy C276
N10276
2.4819
B622
B619 · B626
Hastelloy C22
N06022
2.4602
B622
B619 · B626
Alloy 20
N08020
2.4660
B729
B464 · B468
Titanium Pipes & Tubes
About half the weight of steel, and effectively immune to seawater. Commercially pure grades are the standard for condensers and heat exchangers.
Seamless pipe
ASTM B861
Welded pipe
ASTM B862
Tubes
ASTM B338
Grade
UNS
Type
Where it is used
Grade 1
R50250
Commercially pure
The softest grade — best formability.
Grade 2
R50400
Commercially pure
The workhorse — condensers, heat exchangers, chlor-alkali plants.
Grade 7
R52400
Ti – 0.15Pd
Palladium-bearing, for reducing acids.
Grade 9
R56320
Ti – 3Al – 2.5V
Higher-strength tubing for hydraulic and aerospace lines.
Grade 12
R53400
Ti – 0.3Mo – 0.8Ni
Better crevice-corrosion resistance at higher temperature.
Copper & Brass Pipes & Tubes
Copper for heat transfer and conductivity; brass for condenser and heat-exchanger tubes and general engineering.
Copper pipe & tube
ASTM B42 · B75 · B88
Brass tube
ASTM B135
Condenser tubes
ASTM B111
Alloy
UNS
Specification
Where it is used
DHP Copper
C12200
B42 · B75 · B88 · B111
Plumbing, refrigeration and heat-exchanger tube.
Oxygen-Free Copper
C10200
B42 · B75
Electrical and vacuum service.
Cartridge Brass 70/30
C26000
B135
General engineering tube with good formability.
Yellow Brass
C27000 / C27200
B135
Plumbing and decorative tubing.
Admiralty Brass
C44300
B111
Condenser tubes in fresh and brackish water.
Aluminium Brass
C68700
B111
Condenser tubes in seawater service.
Aluminium Pipes & Tubes
A third the weight of steel, with natural corrosion resistance. Heat-treated 6000-series alloys cover most structural and process tubing.
Seamless pipe & tube
ASTM B241
Drawn tube
ASTM B210
Extruded tube
ASTM B221
Alloy
UNS
Common temper
Where it is used
6061
A96061
T6
General structural and process pipe and tube.
6063
A96063
T5 / T6
Extruded tube with a fine surface finish.
5083
A95083
O / H111
Marine and cryogenic service.
3003
A93003
O / H14
Heat-exchanger and general-purpose tube.
Swipe the table sideways to see every column
These are the grades asked for most, not the limit of what we supply. For designations of every family in other product forms, see Materials & Grades.
Chemical Composition
What Is in the Steel
Composition limits from the ASTM pipe specifications, in percent by weight. A single figure is a maximum; a range shows minimum and maximum.
Stainless steel, duplex & super duplex
Grade
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Ni
Mo
N
Others
Austenitic stainless steel · ASTM A312
TP 304
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
18.0 – 20.0
8.0 – 11.0
–
–
–
TP 304L
0.035
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
18.0 – 20.0
8.0 – 13.0
–
–
–
TP 304H
0.04 – 0.10
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
18.0 – 20.0
8.0 – 11.0
–
–
–
TP 316
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
16.0 – 18.0
10.0 – 14.0
2.00 – 3.00
–
–
TP 316L
0.035
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
16.0 – 18.0
10.0 – 14.0
2.00 – 3.00
–
–
TP 317L
0.035
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
18.0 – 20.0
11.0 – 15.0
3.0 – 4.0
–
–
TP 321
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
17.0 – 19.0
9.0 – 12.0
–
0.10
Ti 5×(C+N) – 0.70
TP 347
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
17.0 – 19.0
9.0 – 13.0
–
–
Nb 10×C – 1.10
TP 310S
0.08
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
24.0 – 26.0
19.0 – 22.0
0.75
–
–
904L
0.020
2.00
0.040
0.030
1.00
19.0 – 23.0
23.0 – 28.0
4.0 – 5.0
0.10
Cu 1.0 – 2.0
Duplex & super duplex · ASTM A790
S31803 (2205)
0.030
2.00
0.030
0.020
1.00
21.0 – 23.0
4.5 – 6.5
2.5 – 3.5
0.08 – 0.20
–
S32205 (2205)
0.030
2.00
0.030
0.020
1.00
22.0 – 23.0
4.5 – 6.5
3.0 – 3.5
0.14 – 0.20
–
S32750 (2507)
0.030
1.20
0.035
0.020
0.80
24.0 – 26.0
6.0 – 8.0
3.0 – 5.0
0.24 – 0.32
Cu 0.50
S32760
0.030
1.00
0.030
0.010
1.00
24.0 – 26.0
6.0 – 8.0
3.0 – 4.0
0.20 – 0.30
Cu 0.50 – 1.00 · W 0.50 – 1.00
Carbon steel & alloy steel
Grade
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cr
Mo
Others
Carbon steel · ASTM A106, A53, A333 and API 5L
A106 Gr. B
0.30
0.29 – 1.06
0.035
0.035
0.10 min
0.40
0.15
Cu 0.40 · Ni 0.40 · V 0.08
A106 Gr. C
0.35
0.29 – 1.06
0.035
0.035
0.10 min
0.40
0.15
Cu 0.40 · Ni 0.40 · V 0.08
A53 Gr. B
0.30
1.20
0.05
0.045
–
0.40
0.15
Cu 0.40 · Ni 0.40 · V 0.08
A333 Gr. 6
0.30
0.29 – 1.06
0.025
0.025
0.10 min
–
–
–
API 5L Gr. B (PSL1)
0.28
1.20
0.030
0.030
–
–
–
–
Alloy steel · ASTM A335
P5
0.15
0.30 – 0.60
0.025
0.025
0.50
4.00 – 6.00
0.45 – 0.65
–
P9
0.15
0.30 – 0.60
0.025
0.025
0.25 – 1.00
8.00 – 10.00
0.90 – 1.10
–
P11
0.05 – 0.15
0.30 – 0.60
0.025
0.025
0.50 – 1.00
1.00 – 1.50
0.44 – 0.65
–
P12
0.05 – 0.15
0.30 – 0.61
0.025
0.025
0.50
0.80 – 1.25
0.44 – 0.65
–
P22
0.05 – 0.15
0.30 – 0.60
0.025
0.025
0.50
1.90 – 2.60
0.87 – 1.13
–
P91
0.08 – 0.12
0.30 – 0.60
0.020
0.010
0.20 – 0.50
8.00 – 9.50
0.85 – 1.05
V 0.18 – 0.25 · Nb 0.06 – 0.10 · N 0.030 – 0.070
Swipe the tables sideways to see every element
Values are shown for reference and follow the ASTM specifications named in each table. Limits are revised from time to time, so the edition of the specification on your order, and the mill test certificate supplied with the material, always govern.
Mechanical Properties
Strength and Corrosion Resistance, Compared
Two numbers explain most grade decisions: how much load the material carries, and how well it resists pitting. The full minimum values are in the table below.
Minimum yield strength
MPa · minimum required by the ASTM pipe specification
Super Duplex 2507550
Duplex 2205450
Alloy steel P91415
Carbon steel A106 Gr. B240
SS 904L215
SS 304 / 316 / 321205
Alloy steel P11 / P22205
SS 304L / 316L170
Duplex grades carry more than twice the load of 316L at the same wall thickness, which is why they allow thinner, lighter pipework.
Pitting resistance (PREN)
Typical values · PREN = %Cr + 3.3 × %Mo + 16 × %N
Super Duplex 250742
Duplex 220535
SS 904L35
SS 317L30
SS 316L24
SS 304L19
The higher the number, the better the resistance to pitting in chlorides. A PREN of 40 or more is the usual benchmark for seawater service.
Grade
Specification
Tensile strength, min MPa (ksi)
Yield strength, min MPa (ksi)
Elongation, min %
Stainless steel
TP 304 · 304H · 316 · 317L · 321 · 347 · 310S
ASTM A312
515 (75)
205 (30)
35
TP 304L · 316L
ASTM A312
485 (70)
170 (25)
35
904L
ASTM A312
490 (71)
215 (31)
35
Duplex & super duplex
S31803 (2205)
ASTM A790
620 (90)
450 (65)
25
S32205 (2205)
ASTM A790
655 (95)
450 (65)
25
S32750 (2507)
ASTM A790
800 (116)
550 (80)
15
S32760
ASTM A790
750 (109)
550 (80)
25
Carbon steel
A106 Gr. B · A53 Gr. B · A333 Gr. 6
ASTM A106 / A53 / A333
415 (60)
240 (35)
30 *
A106 Gr. C
ASTM A106
485 (70)
275 (40)
30 *
API 5L Gr. B
API 5L
415 (60)
245 (35.5)
*
API 5L X52
API 5L
460 (66.7)
360 (52.2)
*
Alloy steel
P5 · P9 · P11 · P22
ASTM A335
415 (60)
205 (30)
30 *
P12
ASTM A335
415 (60)
220 (32)
30 *
P91
ASTM A335
585 (85)
415 (60)
20 *
Swipe the table sideways to see every column
* For carbon and alloy steel, the required elongation depends on wall thickness and the type of test piece; API 5L calculates it by formula. The figure shown is for a standard longitudinal test. Actual test results are reported on the mill test certificate.
Pipe Schedule Chart
Size, Wall Thickness & Weight
Dimensions to ASME B36.10M and B36.19M. Switch the chart between wall thickness and weight per metre, and click any value to load that size into the weight calculator.
Showing wall thickness in mm
NPSinch
DNmm
ODmm
Sch 5S
Sch 10S
Sch 40SSTD
Sch 40
Sch 80SXS
Sch 80
Sch 160
XXS
1/8
6
10.3
–
1.24
1.73
1.73
2.41
2.41
–
–
1/4
8
13.7
–
1.65
2.24
2.24
3.02
3.02
–
–
3/8
10
17.1
–
1.65
2.31
2.31
3.20
3.20
–
–
1/2
15
21.3
1.65
2.11
2.77
2.77
3.73
3.73
4.78
7.47
3/4
20
26.7
1.65
2.11
2.87
2.87
3.91
3.91
5.56
7.82
1
25
33.4
1.65
2.77
3.38
3.38
4.55
4.55
6.35
9.09
1 1/4
32
42.2
1.65
2.77
3.56
3.56
4.85
4.85
6.35
9.70
1 1/2
40
48.3
1.65
2.77
3.68
3.68
5.08
5.08
7.14
10.15
2
50
60.3
1.65
2.77
3.91
3.91
5.54
5.54
8.74
11.07
2 1/2
65
73.0
2.11
3.05
5.16
5.16
7.01
7.01
9.53
14.02
3
80
88.9
2.11
3.05
5.49
5.49
7.62
7.62
11.13
15.24
3 1/2
90
101.6
2.11
3.05
5.74
5.74
8.08
8.08
–
–
4
100
114.3
2.11
3.05
6.02
6.02
8.56
8.56
13.49
17.12
5
125
141.3
2.77
3.40
6.55
6.55
9.53
9.53
15.88
19.05
6
150
168.3
2.77
3.40
7.11
7.11
10.97
10.97
18.26
21.95
8
200
219.1
2.77
3.76
8.18
8.18
12.70
12.70
23.01
22.23
10
250
273.0
3.40
4.19
9.27
9.27
12.70
15.09
28.58
25.40
12
300
323.8
3.96
4.57
9.53
10.31
12.70
17.48
33.32
25.40
14
350
355.6
3.96
4.78
9.53
11.13
12.70
19.05
35.71
–
16
400
406.4
4.19
4.78
9.53
12.70
12.70
21.44
40.49
–
18
450
457
4.19
4.78
9.53
14.27
12.70
23.83
45.24
–
20
500
508
4.78
5.54
9.53
15.09
12.70
26.19
50.01
–
24
600
610
5.54
6.35
9.53
17.48
12.70
30.96
59.54
–
Swipe the chart sideways to see every schedule
Reading the chart: Sch 5S, 10S, 40S and 80S are the stainless steel schedules of ASME B36.19M. Up to NPS 10, Sch 40 is the same as STD and 40S; above that they differ. Likewise, Sch 80 matches XS and 80S only up to NPS 8. Sizes above NPS 24, up to NPS 48, are supplied on request.
Pipe & tube weight calculator
Enter any size, or click a value in the chart above. Works for tubes too.
Weights are theoretical, based on nominal dimensions. Actual weight varies within the tolerances of the specification.
Tube Sizes & Gauges
Tube OD and Wall Gauge Chart
Heat-exchanger and instrument tubes are ordered by outside diameter and wall. The wall is often given as a Birmingham Wire Gauge (BWG) number; the lower the number, the thicker the wall.
Common tube outside diameters
OD, inch
OD, mm
1/4
6.35
3/8
9.53
1/2
12.70
5/8
15.88
3/4
19.05
1
25.40
1 1/4
31.75
1 1/2
38.10
2
50.80
Wall thickness by gauge (BWG)
BWG
inch
mm
7
0.180
4.572
8
0.165
4.191
9
0.148
3.759
10
0.134
3.404
11
0.120
3.048
12
0.109
2.769
13
0.095
2.413
14
0.083
2.108
15
0.072
1.829
BWG
inch
mm
16
0.065
1.651
17
0.058
1.473
18
0.049
1.245
19
0.042
1.067
20
0.035
0.889
21
0.032
0.813
22
0.028
0.711
23
0.025
0.635
24
0.022
0.559
Always state whether the wall is a minimum wall or an average wall. A minimum-wall tube can only be thicker than the stated figure; an average-wall tube may be slightly thinner or thicker. Other diameters and metric walls are supplied on request.
U Bend Tubes
U Bend Tubes, Bent to Your Drawing
A U-tube heat exchanger needs only one tube sheet, and its tubes are free to expand with heat.
We supply U bend tubes made from seamless or welded heat-exchanger tube, bent to the radius and
leg length on your tube-bundle drawing.
Materials
Stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, carbon steel, alloy steel, nickel alloys, titanium and copper alloys
Base tube
ASTM A213, A249, A269, A179, A789, B163, B338 and equivalents
Bend & legs
Radius and leg length as per your drawing
Tolerances
TEMA RCB-2.31, or your own specification
As specified
Stress-relief of the bend, hydrostatic test, dye-penetrant test of the bends
Bend radius: TEMA sets the minimum mean radius at 1.5 × the tube outside diameter.
Flattening: ovality at the bend is limited to 10 % of the nominal tube OD.
Wall thinning: the outside of the bend stretches, so the starting wall must allow for it — t₀ = t₁ × (1 + d₀ ÷ 4R).
Tolerances & Ends
Dimensional Tolerances & End Finishes
Standard tolerances from the ASTM general-requirement specifications. Tighter tolerances can be agreed when you order.
Pipes · ASTM A999 / A530
Item
Tolerance
Outside diameter
NPS 1/8 to 1 1/2
+0.4 / −0.8 mm
Over 1 1/2 to 4
+0.8 / −0.8 mm
Over 4 to 8
+1.6 / −0.8 mm
Over 8 to 18
+2.4 / −0.8 mm
Over 18 to 26
+3.2 / −0.8 mm
Over 26 to 34
+4.0 / −0.8 mm
Over 34 to 48
+4.8 / −0.8 mm
Wall, length & weight
Wall thickness
−12.5 % of nominal, max
Cut length
+6 mm / −0
Weight, NPS 12 & under
+10 % / −3.5 %
Tubes · ASTM A1016 / A450
Item
Tolerance
Outside diameter
Under 25.4 mm
±0.10 mm
25.4 to 38.1 mm
±0.15 mm
Over 38.1 to under 50.8 mm
±0.20 mm
50.8 to under 63.5 mm
±0.25 mm
63.5 to under 76.2 mm
±0.30 mm
76.2 to 101.6 mm
±0.38 mm
Wall & length
Minimum wall, OD to 38.1 mm
+20 % / −0
Minimum wall, OD over 38.1 mm
+22 % / −0
Average wall
±10 %
Cut length, OD under 50.8 mm
+3 mm / −0
Cut length, OD 50.8 mm & over
+5 mm / −0
Tube tolerances shown are for seamless cold-finished tubes. Welded and hot-finished products differ; the product specification on your order governs.
End finishes
Plain end (PE)
Cut square and deburred. Used with socket-weld fittings, couplings and for tubes.
Bevelled end (BE)
Machined to a 37.5° bevel to ASME B16.25, ready for butt welding on site.
Threaded end (TE)
NPT threads to ASME B1.20.1 or BSP, for screwed fittings on smaller bore pipe.
Lengths
Single random (about 5 to 7 m), double random (about 10 to 12 m) or cut to the length you need.
Surface finish
Stainless: annealed & pickled, bright annealed or polished. Carbon steel: black, varnished, galvanised or epoxy-coated on request.
Marking & packing
Each length marked with size, grade, specification and heat number. Bundled, crated or packed seaworthy for export, with end caps.
Grade Selection
Which Grade for Which Service?
A starting point for matching the material to the job. Tell us the fluid, temperature and pressure, and we will quote the grades that fit.
Service condition
Typical choice
Why
General process, water, food & dairy
SS 304 / 304L
Good all-round corrosion resistance at the lowest stainless cost.
Chlorides, coastal & chemical plants
SS 316 / 316L
Molybdenum resists pitting where 304 would fail.
Seawater, brine & offshore
Duplex 2205 · Super Duplex 2507
High PREN and strength; resists chloride stress-corrosion cracking.
Sulphuric & phosphoric acid
904L · Alloy 20 · Incoloy 825
High nickel, molybdenum and copper for reducing acids.
Wet chlorine, mixed acids, flue gas
Hastelloy C276 · C22
The broadest chemical resistance of any wrought alloy.
High temperature, 600 °C and above
SS 321 · 347 · 310S · Inconel 600
Stabilised or high-chromium grades keep strength and resist scaling.
Steam, boiler & power piping
A106 Gr. B → P11 · P22 → P91
Step up the chromium-molybdenum content as temperature rises.
Low temperature & cryogenic
A333 Gr. 6 · SS 304L / 316L
Impact-tested carbon steel to −45 °C; austenitic stainless below that.
Oil & gas transmission
API 5L Gr. B to X70
Line-pipe grades with controlled strength and weldability.
Heat exchangers & condensers
A179 · A213 · Titanium Gr. 2 · Admiralty brass
Chosen by the cooling water: fresh, brackish or seawater.
Swipe the table sideways to see every column
This guide is for orientation only. Final material selection depends on the full service conditions and the governing design code, and remains the responsibility of the design engineer.
Testing & Documents
Tested, Traceable & Documented
Every lot is traceable to its heat number and leaves with its mill test certificate. These tests are arranged when your order calls for them.
A pipe is ordered by nominal size (NPS or NB) and schedule. It carries fluid, so the bore is what matters. A tube is ordered by its exact outside diameter and wall thickness, to tighter tolerances. It is used where heat transfer, fit or precision matters, such as heat exchangers and instrumentation.
Should I choose seamless or welded pipe?
Seamless pipe has no weld seam, so it is preferred for high pressure, high temperature and critical service. Welded pipe is made from strip or plate. It is more economical, comes in larger diameters and thinner walls, and performs well in most moderate-pressure service. Your design code or project specification usually decides.
What does pipe schedule mean?
Schedule is the wall-thickness series defined in ASME B36.10M and B36.19M. For a given pipe size the outside diameter stays fixed, so a higher schedule means a thicker wall and a smaller bore. The S schedules (5S, 10S, 40S, 80S) apply to stainless steel. See the pipe schedule chart.
What is the difference between 304/304L and 316/316L?
316 contains 2 to 3 percent molybdenum, which improves resistance to chlorides and pitting. 304 does not. L grades have lower carbon, which protects corrosion resistance after welding. Most stainless pipe today is dual certified, for example 316/316L, meeting the chemistry of the L grade and the strength of the standard grade.
What documents are supplied with pipes and tubes?
Every lot is supplied with a mill test certificate to EN 10204 Type 3.1 or 3.2, traceable to the heat number marked on the material, along with any additional test reports ordered. When third-party inspection is called for, the agency's inspection release note is included. More on our quality & inspection page.
Can you arrange third-party inspection?
Yes. Inspection can be witnessed by Bureau Veritas, SGS, TÜV, Lloyd's Register, IRS, DNV or any agency you nominate, at our stock point before dispatch.
Complete the Line
Everything That Goes With the Pipe
Fittings, flanges, valves and fasteners in matching grades, so the whole line comes from one supplier with one set of documents.
